The new Tainos have been pre-Columbian inhabitants of one’s Bahamas, Deeper Antilles, as well as the northern Less Antilles. It is thought that the fresh new seafaring Tainos have been nearest and dearest of your Arawakan people of South america. The vocabulary try a member of this new Maipurean linguistic family, which selections regarding South america along the Caribbean.
In the course of Columbus’s coming for the 1492, there were five Taino kingdoms and you can areas toward Hispaniola (modern Dominican Republic and Haiti), for every single added from the a main Cacique (chieftain), in order to whom tribute was paid. Just like the genetic head chief from Taino tribes, brand new cacique are repaid extreme tribute. Caciques preferred the brand new right off using golden pendants called guanin, living in rectangular bohios instead of the bullet of them the fresh villagers inhabited, and you may sat toward solid wood feces whenever researching traffic. At the time of brand new Spanish conquest, the greatest Taino population stores may have du kan kolla hГ¤r consisted of to 3,000 individuals or higher. The newest Tainos had been historical neighbors and you will opponents of the intense Carib people, a unique class that have roots when you look at the South usa whom lived principally into the the fresh Lesser Antilles.
In your area, new Tainos regarded on their own by the name of their place
Having the majority of the brand new 15th century, this new Taino tribe was being determined with the Northeast on the Caribbean (regarding what exactly is now South america) due to raids of the tough Caribs (Of several Carib feminine talked Taino by the plethora of women Taino captives among them).
Terms and conditions The definition of „Taino” happens right from Columbus
From the 18th century, Taino people is devastated by delivered diseases for example smallpox, along with other problems instance intermarriages and pressed assimilation for the the brand new plantation economy you to Spain enforced in Caribbean territories, with its next importation of African slave experts. The first filed smallpox break out in Hispaniola occurred in 1507. It is debated that there is actually substantial mestizaje also multiple Indian pueblos one lasted to your 19th century for the Cuba. Brand new Spaniards which basic found its way to the Bahamas, Cuba and Hispaniola from inside the 1492, and soon after inside Puerto Rico, didn’t render feminine. It took Taino feminine for their wives, and that resulted in mestizo pupils.
The fresh local someone the guy found inside the very first voyage titled by themselves „Taino”, definition „good” or „noble”, to differentiate by themselves from Area-Caribs. That it label used on all of the Island Tainos also those who work in this new Smaller Antilles. Instance, those in Puerto Rico entitled by themselves Boricua (which means individuals from this new island of valiant noble lords) their area is called Borike’n (Great house of the valiant commendable lord) and people occupying the brand new Bahamas named on their own Lucayo (small countries).
Specific ethnohistorians, instance Daniel Garrison Brinton, called the exact same culture of individuals „Isle Arawak” regarding the Arawakan phrase having cassava flour, an essential of your own battle. Using this, the language as well as the citizens were at some point called „Arawak”. However, progressive students consider this a blunder. The individuals which called on their own Arawak existed just on Guianas and you will Trinidad in addition to their language and society change from the ones from new Taino.
Going right on through big date, additional writers, travellers, historians, linguists, anthropologists, etc., possess interchangeably made use of this type of words. Taino has been utilized to suggest the greater Antillean tribes merely, the individuals while the Bahamas tribes, men and women while the Leeward Islands people or these excluding the fresh Puerto Rican tribes and Leeward people. Isle Taino has been utilized to mention to the people residing the Windward Isles merely, those in new northern Caribbean just or the individuals surviving in people of one’s islands. Progressive historians, linguists and you may anthropologists now keep the term Taino is to send to any or all Taino/Arawak tribes except for new Caribs. The Caribs aren’t seen because of the anthropologists neither historians as being a comparable anybody though linguists remain debating whether or not the Carib language is actually an enthusiastic Arawakan dialect otherwise creole words – or perhaps a distinct words, which have an Arawakan pidgin often found in communication.