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Abstract
Resistance training (RT) offers benefits to both men and women. However, the studies about the differences between men and women in response to an RT program are not conclusive and few data are available about upper body strength response. The aim of this study was to compare elbow flexor strength gains in men and women after 10 weeks of RT. Forty-four college-aged men ( ± 2.34 years) and forty-seven college-aged women ( ± 2.96 years) participated in the study. The RT program was performed two days a week for 10 weeks. Before and after the training period, peak torque (PT) of the elbow flexors was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. PT values were higher in men in comparison to women in pre- and post-tests (p < 0.01).> 0.05). Effect sizes were 0.57 and 0.56 for men and women, respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that men and women have a similar upper body strength response to RT.
Introduction
Resistance training (RT) also offers benefits to both males and females. In reality, the medical benefits of RT are but they are not restricted to: decreased gastrointestinal transit day; faster likelihood of a cancerous colon (Koffler et al., 1992); enhanced asleep kcalorie burning (Campbell ainsi que al., 1994; Paoli et al., 2012); enhanced sugar metabolic legit Tyskland datingtjeneste rate (Hurley, 1994); improved bloodstream-lipid profiles (Brick mais aussi al., 1982; Hurley mais aussi al., 1988); smaller resting blood pressure levels (Harris & Holly, 1987; Colliander & Tesch, 1988); improved bone mineral occurrence (Menkes mais aussi al., 1993); pain reduction for those experiencing arthritis (Rall mais aussi al., 1996); reduced low back pain (Deyssig mais aussi al., 1993; Weinsier mais aussi al., 1995); improved independence (Westcott, 1995); and you may, enhanced maximum cardiovascular ability (Steele mais aussi al., 2012). In particular, increased strength and you will strength, the primary effects of RT, have been confirmed to attenuate the possibility of all-trigger death (Newman et al., 2006; Ruiz mais aussi al., 2008; Artero ainsi que al., 2011; Srikanthan & Karlamangla, 2014). Yet not, if or not you can find sex-particular responses so you can RT are currently unclear. Predicated on Dreyer mais aussi al., (2010), overall men has actually ten moments much more releasing testosterone than simply women. Torso looks could have even more androgen receptors than lower body muscles (Kadi ainsi que al., 2000). Ergo, you will be able that the hormones differences might allow higher development regarding top limb human body from inside the guys compared to feminine with RT.
) examined human body structure inside the 268 guys and you will 200 women having fun with magnetic resonance imaging and discovered upper body muscle proportion was higher when you look at the guys than simply female (42.nine vs. 39.7%). Similar results had been included in opposition-coached victims by the Alway et al. (1989), whom compared female and male bodybuilders. It stated that, despite creating a comparable training frequency and performed similar education applications, the new muscle tissue cross-sectional a portion of the biceps brachii is large inside the guys than in females. Moreover, Kvorning et al. (2006) discovered that the effects of testosterone towards electricity increases could be a great deal more pronounced than simply muscle tissue development. Thus, it may be hypothesized you to sex you’ll influence new stamina reaction more so compared to increase in muscle mass in response to RT.
Previous degree stated that people performing an identical RT regimen did not disagree during the stamina progress, one another sheer and relative, on the hip and legs (Ivey ainsi que al., 2000; Galvao ainsi que al., 2006; Dorgo mais aussi al., 2012). Fisher mais aussi al. (2014) enjoys has just claimed the newest power increases from male and female trainees from a private RT studio for higher minimizing system teaching. There have been similar pure power gains but really ladies had quite higher relative energy gains and you will electricity increases according to body bulk. not, women in this data had taught for about double the fresh duration of men. Almost every other degree exploring the chest report conflicting findings with a few indicating deeper sheer increases inside the men (O’Hagan ainsi que al., 1995; Abe ainsi que al., 2000) and you will deeper relative growth in females. Anybody else stated no differences (Davies et al., 1988; Abe mais aussi al., 2000). not, it’s been argued by Abe ainsi que al. (2000) a large number of the earlier knowledge hence held sex reviews to own each other strength and you will muscular hypertrophic alter had been impeded of the lowest mathematical power as a result of quick shot types (the ?20 players).